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# Copyright 2010 Hakan Kjellerstrand hakank@gmail.com
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the 'License');
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an 'AS IS' BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Nonogram (Painting by numbers) in Google CP Solver.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonogram
'''
Nonograms or Paint by Numbers are picture logic puzzles in which cells in a
grid have to be colored or left blank according to numbers given at the
side of the grid to reveal a hidden picture. In this puzzle type, the
numbers measure how many unbroken lines of filled-in squares there are
in any given row or column. For example, a clue of '4 8 3' would mean
there are sets of four, eight, and three filled squares, in that order,
with at least one blank square between successive groups.
'''
See problem 12 at http://www.csplib.org/.
http://www.puzzlemuseum.com/nonogram.htm
Haskell solution:
http://twan.home.fmf.nl/blog/haskell/Nonograms.details
Brunetti, Sara & Daurat, Alain (2003)
'An algorithm reconstructing convex lattice sets'
http://geodisi.u-strasbg.fr/~daurat/papiers/tomoqconv.pdf
The Comet model (http://www.hakank.org/comet/nonogram_regular.co)
was a major influence when writing this Google CP solver model.
I have also blogged about the development of a Nonogram solver in Comet
using the regular constraint.
* 'Comet: Nonogram improved: solving problem P200 from 1:30 minutes
to about 1 second'
http://www.hakank.org/constraint_programming_blog/2009/03/comet_nonogram_improved_solvin_1.html
* 'Comet: regular constraint, a much faster Nonogram with the regular constraint,
some OPL models, and more'
http://www.hakank.org/constraint_programming_blog/2009/02/comet_regular_constraint_a_muc_1.html
Compare with the other models:
* Gecode/R: http://www.hakank.org/gecode_r/nonogram.rb (using 'regexps')
* MiniZinc: http://www.hakank.org/minizinc/nonogram_regular.mzn
* MiniZinc: http://www.hakank.org/minizinc/nonogram_create_automaton.mzn
* MiniZinc: http://www.hakank.org/minizinc/nonogram_create_automaton2.mzn
Note: nonogram_create_automaton2.mzn is the preferred model
This model was created by Hakan Kjellerstrand (hakank@bonetmail.com)
Also see my other Google CP Solver models: http://www.hakank.org/google_or_tools/
"""
import sys
from constraint_solver import pywrapcp
#
# Make a transition (automaton) list of tuples from a
# single pattern, e.g. [3,2,1]
#
def make_transition_tuples(pattern):
p_len = len(pattern)
num_states = p_len + sum(pattern)
tuples = pywrapcp.IntTupleSet(3)
# this is for handling 0-clues. It generates
# just the minimal state
if num_states == 0:
tuples.Insert3(1, 0, 1);
return (tuples, 1)
# convert pattern to a 0/1 pattern for easy handling of
# the states
tmp = [0];
c = 0
for pattern_index in range(p_len):
tmp.extend([1] * pattern[pattern_index])
tmp.append(0)
for i in range(num_states):
state = i + 1
if tmp[i] == 0:
tuples.Insert3(state, 0, state)
tuples.Insert3(state, 1, state + 1)
else:
if i < num_states - 1:
if tmp[i + 1] == 1:
tuples.Insert3(state, 1, state + 1)
else:
tuples.Insert3(state, 0, state + 1)
tuples.Insert3(num_states, 0, num_states)
return (tuples, num_states)
#
# check each rule by creating an automaton and transition constraint.
#
def check_rule(rules, y):
cleaned_rule = [rules[i] for i in range(len(rules)) if rules[i] > 0]
(transition_tuples, last_state) = make_transition_tuples(cleaned_rule)
initial_state = 1
accepting_states = [last_state]
solver = y[0].solver()
solver.Add(solver.TransitionConstraint(y,
transition_tuples,
initial_state,
accepting_states))
def main(rows, row_rule_len, row_rules, cols, col_rule_len, col_rules):
# Create the solver.
solver = pywrapcp.Solver('Regular test')
#
# variables
#
board = {}
for i in range(rows):
for j in range(cols):
board[i, j] = solver.IntVar(0, 1, 'board[%i, %i]' % (i, j))
board_flat = [board[i, j] for i in range(rows) for j in range(cols)]
# Flattened board for labeling.
# This labeling was inspired by a suggestion from
# Pascal Van Hentenryck about my Comet nonogram model.
board_label = []
if rows * row_rule_len < cols * col_rule_len:
for i in range(rows):
for j in range(cols):
board_label.append(board[i, j])
else:
for j in range(cols):
for i in range(rows):
board_label.append(board[i, j])
#
# constraints
#
for i in range(rows):
check_rule(row_rules[i], [board[i, j] for j in range(cols)])
for j in range(cols):
check_rule(col_rules[j], [board[i, j] for i in range(rows)])
#
# solution and search
#
db = solver.Phase(board_label,
solver.CHOOSE_FIRST_UNBOUND,
solver.ASSIGN_MIN_VALUE)
print 'before solver, wall time = ', solver.WallTime(), 'ms'
solver.NewSearch(db)
num_solutions = 0
while solver.NextSolution():
print
num_solutions += 1
for i in range(rows):
row = [board[i, j].Value() for j in range(cols)]
row_pres = []
for j in row:
if j == 1:
row_pres.append('#')
else:
row_pres.append(' ')
print ' ', ''.join(row_pres)
print
print ' ', '-' * cols
if num_solutions >= 2:
print '2 solutions is enough...'
break
solver.EndSearch()
print
print 'num_solutions:', num_solutions
print 'failures:', solver.Failures()
print 'branches:', solver.Branches()
print 'WallTime:', solver.WallTime(), 'ms'
#
# Default problem
#
# From http://twan.home.fmf.nl/blog/haskell/Nonograms.details
# The lambda picture
#
rows = 12
row_rule_len = 3
row_rules = [
[0,0,2],
[0,1,2],
[0,1,1],
[0,0,2],
[0,0,1],
[0,0,3],
[0,0,3],
[0,2,2],
[0,2,1],
[2,2,1],
[0,2,3],
[0,2,2]
]
cols = 10
col_rule_len = 2
col_rules = [
[2,1],
[1,3],
[2,4],
[3,4],
[0,4],
[0,3],
[0,3],
[0,3],
[0,2],
[0,2]
]
if __name__ == '__main__':
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
file = sys.argv[1]
execfile(file)
main(rows, row_rule_len, row_rules, cols, col_rule_len, col_rules)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.